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Comparison of door and window systems and system doors and windows

"Door system": It is a system developed for engineering design, manufacture, and installation of building doors and windows that meet the set performance and quality requirements. . "System doors and windows": It is a perfect organic combination of performance systems. Using the system integration way of thinking, based on the door and window systems developed for different regional climate environments and functional requirements, various performances, such as water tightness and air tightness, need to be considered. , wind pressure resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, heat preservation, anti-theft, operating feel, etc., are designed, manufactured and installed in accordance with the overall solution requirements and strict procedures, and finally form high-performance system doors and windows with high reliability and high cost performance. Building doors and windows. The real energy-saving system doors and windows are not single use of heat-insulating broken bridge aluminum profiles or Low-E insulating glass energy-saving materials. It is a perfect combination of a system, and the comprehensive results of the performance of each link are indispensable. At present, the most representative brands in the domestic market include: YKK AP, Jiayu, Aluk, Beiluo, Shubiao, Feiyu and other brands. Convection: The loss of heat is the circulation of hot and cold air through the gap between doors and windows, and the heat is exchanged through gas convection, resulting in heat loss; Conduction: Heat conduction is the heat transfer by the molecular movement of the material itself used for doors and windows, and it is transferred from one side of the material to the other side, resulting in heat loss; Radiation: Radiation is mainly transmitted directly in the form of rays, resulting in loss of energy consumption. What is the difference between system doors and windows and ordinary doors and windows? 1. In terms of stability and performance The system doors and windows have their own independent technical department, which will carry out strict tests and inspections on each component of the system doors and windows, so the components are well matched and are not prone to failure, which is what we often call good stability. Ordinary doors and windows are assembled by ordering different parts according to their own needs, but there will be some problems in the process of use, and the stability is relatively poor. After 2 to 3 years of research and development of system doors and windows, the materials, the performance and quality of the entire doors and windows are comprehensively tested, and mature products are launched after reaching the expected goals. Ordinary doors and windows are temporarily integrated door and window products for a single project, often without comprehensive testing. 2. Flexibility The various components of the system doors and windows have been fixed according to different performances, and the room for selection is relatively small compared with ordinary doors and windows, so the flexibility is small. Ordinary doors and windows can flexibly configure their own components according to their own needs. System doors and windows are serialized and standardized products, with strong exclusivity and incompatibility in slot structure and material supply, and can only be selected according to the needs of the project. Generally, individual projects will not be developed. Common door and window materials can be selected by domestic and foreign manufacturers, and can also be temporarily opened, with strong flexibility. 3. Software aspects While providing products, system doors and windows also provide design software, design manuals, procurement manuals, processing manuals, professional special equipment and technical service support, which is a complete industrial chain. The quality of ordinary doors and windows depends on the level of designers and the ability of door and window enterprises to process and install.

2022

05/06

Solar Powered Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) Glass Curtain Wall

The photovoltaic (PV) ventilated façade curtain wall and roof system are a product with undeniable aesthetic value and unbeatable in terms of heat insulation that generates free electricity from the sun. The generated electricity can be translated directly to the mains supply system, thus being marketed to the large suppliers, or be used for personal consumption (isolated system).   Earlier generations of PV for buildings utilized solar panels mounted directly onto the building roof with minimal aesthetic considerations. This concept was replaced by building-integrated PV systems, where the PV modules actually came to replace parts of the building envelope, providing functional considerations and lowering costs. More recently, thin-film PV technologies have begun to enable the seamless integration of PV onto buildings, and will likely succeed in markets where their superior flexibility, minimal weight, and improved ability to perform in variable lighting conditions gives them a significant competitive advantage over conventional solar technologies.   However the success of creating new BIPV markets will depend on many variables, including: 1. Concerted efforts by players in the BIPV supply chain to work together towards the design and integration of solar into the building envelope; 2. Costs in $/Wp, as well as the building industry’s preferred metric of $/m2, of product and power availability; 3. Development of specific standards and building codes; 4. Availability of federal and local incentives to ensure cost effectiveness; 5. Added value for consumers and architects; and 6. Ease of production and the scale at which a production plant becomes economically feasible.   Incentive schemes in favour of BIPV For some time, thin-film solar technologies have not been at a price point to make them truly competitive with conventional solar-based panel systems that are just "slapped" onto buildings, but this is changing due to the current round of incentive schemes, and GTM research expects that thin-film solar technologies will soon play a significant energy role in both the applications and the markets in which conventional solar materials are currently employed, as well as in markets where conventional solar materials are unsuitable for various reasons, such as façades, roofs and window applications.   A definition of BIPV and BAPV There is some confusion regarding the definition of BIPV within both the PV industry and the building industry. GTM Research defines BIPV as building-integrated PV, which requires that the building team along the entire supply chain - including architects, building designers, engineers, building owners and utility companies - work together to design and build the photovoltaics into the building’s very "skin" as an element, from the inception of the project onwards. BAPV, on the other hand, is defined as building-applied PV. In this process, the photovoltaics are a retrofit, added to the building after construction is completed.   The thermal surrounding methods can result in a 25-40% reduction of the energy consumed by a building. Depending upon the orientation of the façade, building location, and the photovoltaic technology implemented, the electricity produced by our system in just one square metre can vary between 20-40 kW/h per annum; sufficient energy to supply up to 10,000 hours of light from 20W energy saving light bulbs. In addition to the obvious environmental benefits, in countries where the sale of electricity is regulated and incentive based, through an obligatory subsidy from the electrical companies, one metre squared of ventilated roof can generate a net benefit in its lifetime (25 years) of more than 1000 Euros. From a financial point of view, depending upon the type of building and its location, our ventilated façades and roofs can achieve an Internal Return Rate (IRR) greater than 25% and an outstanding payback time.

2022

04/21

Glass Louver Window

Aluminium Jalousie Louver Windows with Screen Mesh - Hurricane Impact Quality Glass Windows Wall Aluminium Jalousie Louver windows are widely used curtains and are made into the shape of shutters. Aluminium Jalousie Louver windows are mainly composed of aluminum alloys that are not easy to rust. It has the advantages of light weight and durability.   Louver can be generally divided into aluminum louver, pvc plastic-steel shutters, wooden shutters and glass shutters according to different materials.   The glass louver is a kind of shutter that uses glass as the raw material as the blade of the louver, thereby increasing the light transmission performance. Generally used in residential areas, schools, entertainment places, office places, high-end clubs, etc.   Specifications: Profile 1.High quality aluminum alloy profiles, thickness 1.2-2.0 mm 2.Excellent quality thermal break aluminum profiles, thickness 1.4-3.0 mm 3.Aluminum/PVC/UPVC material (need to be ordered) Color White/ Sliver / Grey / Champagne / Black / Wood grain / special color can be ordered Glass Type 1.Single toughened glazing:6 mm/8 mm/10 mm/12 mm... 2.Double toughened glazing:5+12A+5mm/6+12A+6mm... 3.Laminated glazing:5+0.38PVB+5mm/6+0.76PVB+6mm... 4.Low-E glazing:Green/Blue/Brown/Golden... 5.Other glazing:frosted glass/crystal glass/art glass... Mesh 1.Aluminum security mesh 2.Stainless steel security mesh 3.Solid iron security mesh 4.Mosquito net(Nylon,Stainless steel,Diamond)     Features: 1. The guiding effect of wind. The proper opening angle of the louvers ensures that the interior of the building will not be affected by the strong outdoor wind and maintain proper ventilation at any time. 2. Save space. (The opening method of the rotation of the louver determines that the required space is very small when a certain ventilation volume is reached); 3. Safety performance. 4. There are many kinds of control methods: fixed, manual, mechanical transmission, electric (motor external or built-in), fire linkage, remote control; 5. Decorative. Blades are available in a variety of colors and materials; 6. There are many ways to combine doors and windows (flat push, casement, folding, etc.).   Insulating glass louver: 1. 6+12A+6mm double-layer insulating glass 2. The width of the blade can be up to 300mm 3. According to the difference in width and length of the blade, the longest can reach 1800mm 4. Standard length of blade: width = 1:6 5. Control mode: manual, electric.   Function: Single-layer adjustable louvers are used for occasions that require lighting, heat dissipation, wind protection and air conditioning without rain. It can be widely used in computer rooms, office buildings or other related occasions. It is composed of streamlined adjustment blades and side frames. There is a protective mesh cover on the outside and a screen on the inside, which can ensure that the room is filled with fresh air, and at the same time, no insects, birds or other light objects will enter the room, giving people a relaxed working and living environment.

2022

04/08

Characteristics and performance of Low-E glass

Low-E glass, also known as low-emissivity glass, is a film-based product composed of multiple layers of metal or other compounds plated on the glass surface. The coating layer has the characteristics of high transmission of visible light and high reflection of mid- and far-infrared rays, which makes it have excellent heat insulation effect and good light transmittance compared with ordinary glass and traditional architectural coated glass. Glass is an important building material. With the continuous improvement of the decorative requirements of buildings, the use of glass in the construction industry is also increasing. Today, however, when people choose glass windows and doors for buildings, in addition to their aesthetic and appearance characteristics, they pay more attention to issues such as heat control, cooling costs and the comfort balance of interior sunlight projection. This makes the upstart Low-E glass in the coated glass family stand out and become the focus of attention.   Excellent thermal properties The heat loss of exterior door and window glass is the main part of building energy consumption, accounting for more than 50% of building energy consumption. Relevant research data shows that the heat transfer on the inner surface of the glass is mainly radiation, accounting for 58%, which means that the most effective way to reduce the loss of heat energy is to change the performance of the glass. The emissivity of ordinary float glass is as high as 0.84. When a layer of silver-based low-emissivity film is coated, the emissivity can be reduced to below 0.15. Therefore, the use of Low-E glass to manufacture building doors and windows can greatly reduce the transfer of indoor heat energy caused by radiation to the outdoors, and achieve ideal energy-saving effects. Another significant benefit of reduced indoor heat loss is environmental protection. In the cold season, the emission of harmful gases such as CO2 and SO2 caused by building heating is an important source of pollution. If Low-E glass is used, the fuel consumption for heating can be greatly reduced due to the reduction of heat loss, thereby reducing the emission of harmful gases. The heat passing through the glass is bidirectional, that is, the heat can be transferred from the indoor to the outdoor, and vice versa, and it is carried out at the same time, only the problem of poor heat transfer. In winter, the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor, so insulation is required. In summer, the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor temperature, and the glass is required to be insulated, that is, the outdoor heat is transferred to the indoor as little as possible. Low-E glass can meet the requirements of winter and summer, both heat preservation and heat insulation, and has the effect of environmental protection and low carbon.   Good optical properties The visible light transmittance of Low-E glass ranges from 0% to 95% in theory (6mm white glass is difficult to achieve), and the visible light transmittance represents the indoor lighting. The outdoor reflectivity is about 10%-30%. The outdoor reflectivity is the visible light reflectivity, which represents the reflective intensity or dazzling degree. At present, China requires the visible light reflectivity of the curtain wall to be no more than 30%. The above characteristics of Low-E glass have made it increasingly widely used in developed countries. my country is a relatively energy-deficient country. The per capita energy consumption is very low, and building energy consumption accounts for about 27.5% of the country's total energy consumption. Therefore, vigorously developing the production technology of Low-E glass and promoting its application field will surely bring significant social and economic benefits. In the production of Low-E glass, due to the particularity of the material, it has higher requirements for cleaning brushes when it passes through the cleaning machine. The brush wire must be high-grade nylon brush wire such as PA1010, PA612, etc. The diameter of the wire is preferably 0.1-0.15mm. Because the brush wire has good softness, strong elasticity, acid and alkali resistance, and temperature resistance, it can easily remove the dust on the glass surface without causing scratches on the surface.   Low-E coated insulating glass is a better energy-saving lighting material. It has high solar transmission, very low "u" value, and, due to the effect of the coating, the heat reflected by the Low-E glass is returned to the room, making the temperature near the window glass higher, and people are not safe near the window glass. will feel too uncomfortable. The building with Low-E window glass has a relatively high indoor temperature, so it can maintain a relatively high indoor temperature in winter without frost, so that people indoors will feel more comfortable. Low-E glass can block a small amount of UV transmission, which is slightly helpful in preventing fading of indoor items.

2022

03/18

The difference between single silver, double silver and triple silver Low-E glass

The difference between single silver, double silver and triple silver Low-E glass   1. The concept of Low-E glass Low-E glass, also known as low-emissivity glass (Low Emissivity Glass), is a film-based product composed of multiple layers of metal or other compounds plated on the glass surface. The main functional layer of the Low-E film is the silver layer. Silver is one of the substances with the lowest emissivity in nature. Coating a nano-level silver layer on the surface of the glass can reduce the emissivity of the glass from 0.84 to 0.02~0.12. Filter sunlight into a cool light source. The coating layer has the characteristics of high transmission of visible light and high reflection of mid- and far-infrared rays, thereby filtering sunlight into a cold light source, which not only meets the requirements of natural lighting, but also ensures a comfortable room temperature.   2. The difference between single, double and triple silver Low-E glass 1. The difference between the film layers General Low-E glass contains only one layer of pure silver (functional layer), the so-called single silver Low-E glass. The total number of film layers of double-silver glass is more than 9, including two layers of pure silver; triple-silver Low-E glass contains more than 13 layers of film, including three layers of pure silver (as shown in Figure 1). Compared with single-silver Low-E glass, although the processing requirements of double- and triple-silver Low-E glass are higher, its energy saving performance is much better than that of single-silver Low-E glass. 2. Differences in function Optical parameters: On the premise of the same light transmittance, double silver and triple silver Low-E glass have lower shading coefficient Sc and heat transfer coefficient U (see the table below), double silver and triple silver Low-E glass are lower than single silver Low-E glass can block more solar radiation heat energy and maximize the filtering of sunlight into cold light sources. Indoor comfort: Low-E glass can greatly reduce the heat exchange through the glass in the indoor and outdoor environments, so when the air conditioner is cooling or heating, after the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature, the air conditioner can be on standby for a longer time status, thereby saving power consumption. Not only that, the shading characteristics of Low-E glass greatly reduce the time of using curtains to shade, thus improving indoor light comfort and creating a more transparent and bright indoor environment. To make a simple example, in summer, the effective operation time of air conditioning and refrigeration is 100 days for buildings with ordinary glass, and the effective operation time of refrigeration is shortened to 35 days after using single silver Low-E glass. Or triple silver Low-E glass, it only takes about 30 days or less, further saving electricity bills. In the long run, although the use of double and triple silver Low-E glass increases the construction cost of the project, it greatly reduces the energy consumption cost of the building during its use period, and the later energy consumption can be recovered in a short period of time. the added cost. The advantages of triple silver Low-E glass are that the visible light transmittance is higher than in the past, which can make the room have enough sunlight; the solar infrared heat transmittance is low, and the heat transfer coefficient is also lower, which can effectively heat insulation.   In the total energy of solar radiation, visible light accounts for about 47%, and infrared light accounts for about 51%. Visible light can affect the visual effect of human eyes, and infrared can transmit heat energy. This part of the heat energy of the infrared glass of sunlight causes the indoor temperature to rise, the air conditioning workload increases, and the electricity is consumed. The energy distribution of the heat energy transmitted by sunlight is in the wavelength range of 780-2500 microns (the area on the right side of the vertical line in the figure), and the proportion of this part of the energy transmitted through the glass can be measured by the "total transmittance of solar infrared heat energy".​​ The triple silver Low-E has a very low "total transmittance of solar infrared heat energy", and the solar heat passing through triple silver Low-E is only about 15% of that of single silver Low-E, so the thermal insulation of triple silver Low-E glass The effect is particularly obvious. The left side of the vertical line in the figure is the visible light area, and the level of the curve in this area reflects the light transmittance of the glass. On the right is the infrared region, and the area contained under the curve reflects the heat energy directly transmitted by the sun. The single-silver Low-E contains the largest area (only Low-E is compared), followed by the double-silver, and the triple-silver Low-E contains the smallest area, so the thermal insulation performance is the best. The glass parameters corresponding to the above figure are as follows: Hollow type Light transmittance (%) Shading coefficient Sc Total transmittance of solar infrared heat (%) Single Silver 65 0.55 30 Double Silver 63 0.40 12 Triple Silver 65 0.33 4 From Sc alone, the value of triple-silver Low-E is not much lower than that of double-silver, because the visible light energy in Sc accounts for much more than infrared heat energy. However, from the "total transmittance of solar infrared thermal energy", the solar thermal energy passing through the triple-silver Low-E is 4%, while the solar thermal energy passing through the double-silver Low-E is 12%, the difference between the two is 3 times. The heat insulation and energy saving effect of triple silver Low-E is far better than that of double silver. The use of triple silver low-E glass can effectively reduce the energy consumption caused by indoor air conditioning.

2022

03/09

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